Review:
Stewart, C., Ghisi, G.L.M, Davis, E.. & Grace, S.L. (2023). Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS). (2023). In Krageloh, C.U., Alyami, M., & Medvedev, O.N. (Eds.) International Handbook of Behavioral Health Assessment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3_39-1. https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-3-030-89738-3
Other CRBS publications (incl. translations; in chronological order):
Grace, S.L., Evindar, A., Kung, T., Scholey, P., & Stewart, D.E. (2004). Automatic referral to cardiac rehabilitation. Medical Care, 42(7), 661-669. July.
PDF of Article: http://pi.library.yorku.ca/dspace/handle/10315/2555
Grace, S.L., Shanmugasegaram, S., Gravely-Witte, S., Brual, J., Suskin, N., & Stewart, D.E. (2009). Barriers to cardiac rehabilitation: Does age make a difference? Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, 29(3). May/June.
Ghisi, G.L.*, dos Santos, R.Z., Aranha, E.E., Nunes, A.D., Oh, P., Benetti, M., & Grace SL. (2013). Perceptions of barriers to cardiac rehabilitation use in Brazil. Vascular Health Risk Management; 9: 485-91. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S48213. Corresponding video abstract: https://youtu.be/khui6e7QfoI
Mair, V., Breda, A.P., Nunes, M.E.B., de Matos, L.D.N.J. (2013). Evaluating compliance to a cardiac rehabilitation program in a private general hospital. einstein; 11(3):278-284.
Shanmugasegaram, S., Oh, P., Reid, R.D., McCumber, T., & Grace, S.L. (2013). A comparison of barriers to use of home- versus site-based cardiac rehabilitation. J Cardiopulmonary Rehabil Prev; 33(5):297-302.
Horwood, Hayley; Williams, Michael J. A.; Mandic, Sandra. (2015). Examining Motivations and Barriers for Attending Maintenance Community-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Using the Health-Belief Model. HEART LUNG AND CIRCULATION. Volume: 24. Issue: 10. Pages: 980-987.
Baek, S., Park, H-W., Lee, Y., Grace, S.L., & Kim, W-S. (2017). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Korean-Language Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine;441(5): 858-867. October.
Al-Ashwal, N.A., Critchley, K., & Benjamin, K. (2017). Cardiac rehabilitation programs: An investigation into the reasons for non-attendance in Qatar. Innovations in Global Health Professions Education. vol 2.
Fatimah, N., Grace, S.L., Emaliyawati, E., & Somantri, I. (2017). Cardiac rehabilitation barriers in Indonesia. World NCD Congress. Chandigarh, India. November. International Journal of Non-Communicable Diseases; 2(5):S7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350075449_Cardiac_rehabilitation_barriers_in_Indonesia
Sánchez Delgado, J.C., Jácome Hortúa, A., Larios Martínez, B., Pinzón, S. & Angarita Fonseca, A. (2018). Confiabilidad de la escala de barreras para la rehabilitación cardiac [Reliability of the barriers scale for cardiac rehabilitation]. Rev Colomb Cardiol;25(1):84-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rccar.2017.08.014. [spanish].
Im, H.W., Baek, S., Jee, S., Ahn, J.M., Park, M.W., & Kim, W.S. (2018). Barriers to outpatient hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation in Korean patients with acute coronary syndrome. Ann Rehabil Med; 42(1):154-165.
Williamson, T.M., Rouleau, C.R., Aggarwal, S.G., Arena, R., & Campbell, T.S. (2018). Bridging the intention-behavior gap for cardiac rehabilitation participation: the role of perceived barriers. Disabil & Rehabil. DOI:
10.1080/09638288.2018.1524519
Qiu, X., Qiu, C., Wang, Y., Gao, M. (2018). Reliability and validity of Chinese version of Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale. Acad J Chin PLA Med Sch, 39 (12):1067-1071. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2018.12.011.
Grover, D., & Alexander, J. (2019). Patient attitudes towards telemedicine-delivered cardiac rehabilitation. Rehabil Nurs; 44(6):358-363.
Rathi, A. & Jiandani, M. (2019). Patient perceived barriers to cardiac rehabilitation. Master's Thesis- Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College & King Edward Memorial Hospital. India [Marathi, Hindi]
Giannoccaro, J.D., Aggarwal, S., Grace, S.L., Campbell, T.S., Hauer, T., Arena, R., & Rouleau, C. (2020). Factors associated with attendance at a 1-yr post–cardiac rehabilitation risk factor check. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention;40:E22-25.
Bakhshayeh, S., Sarbaz, M., Kimiafar, K., Vakilian, F., & Eslami, S. (2021). Barriers to participation in center-based cardiac rehabilitation programs and patients' attitudes toward home-based cardiac rehabilitation programs. Physiother Theory Pract;37(1):158-168. [*Farsi translation].
Chai, L.S., Siop, S., Putit, Z., Lim, L., Gunggu, A, & Tie S.F. (2020). Translation, adaptation and validation of the Malay version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale. J Nurs Res;28(1):e64.
Coskun, O.K., Yagci, I., Gocmen, S., & Sagdic, B.E. (2019). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of “cardiac rehabilitation barriers scale”. Gulhane Med J; 61:59-63.
Servio, T., Britto, R.R., de Melo Ghisi, G.L., da Silva, L.P. Silva, L.D.N., Lima, M.M.O., Pereira, D.A.G. & Grace, S.L. (2019). Barriers to cardiac rehabilitation delivery in a low-resource setting from the perspective of healthcare administrators, rehabilitation providers, and cardiac patients. BMC Health Serv Res; 19(1):615.
Winnige, P., Batalik, L., Filakova, K., Hnatiak, J., Dosbaba, F., & Grace, S.L. (2020). Translation and validation of the cardiac rehabilitation barriers scale in the Czech Republic (CRBS-CZE): Protocol to determine the key barriers in East-Central Europe. . Medicine;99(11):e19546.
Ghanbari-Firoozabadi, M., Mirzaei, M., Nasab, M.V., Grace, S.L., Okati-Aliabad, H., Madadizadeh, F., Kadras, H., Amrolahi, N., Entezari, M., & Sadrbafghi, S.M. (2020). Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Persian version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-P). BMJ Open;10(6):e034552. [Farsi]
Cascino, T.M., Ashur, C., Richardson, C.R., Jackson, E.A., McLaughlin, V.V. (2020). Impact of patient characteristics and perceived barriers on referral to exercise rehabilitation among patients with pulmonary hypertension in the United States. Pulm Circ;10(4): 2045894020974926.
Singh, S.K., Abdullah, K.L., Abidin, I.Z., Yahya, A., & Suhaimi, A. (2020). Perceived barriers among cardiac patients towards cardiac rehabilitation programme: A preliminary study. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences;16(5). eISSN 2636-9346.
Nambiar, V., Rodrigues, D., Grace, S.L., & Pitambare, M. (2020). Evidence-based translation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale to Kannada (CRBS-Ka). Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology;28(2):89.
Jacome Hortua, A.M., Angarita-Fonseca, A., Villamizar Jaimes, C.J., Martinez Marin, R.D.P., Dutra de Souza, H.C., de Paula Facioli, T., & Sanchez-Delgado, J.C. (2021). Reliability of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale in the Colombian population. Int J Environ Res Public Health;18(8):4351. [spanish].
Liu, X., Fowokan, A., Grace, S.L., Ding, B., Meng, S., Chen, X., Xia, Y.H., & Zhang, Y.Q. (2021). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Chinese/Mandarin Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-C/M). Rehabilitation Research & Practice:5511426.
da Cruz, M.M.A., Ricci-Vitor, A.L., Borges, G.L.B., da Silva, P.F., Turri-Silva, N., Takahashi, C., Grace, S.L. & Vanderlei, L.C.M. (2021). A randomized controlled crossover trial of virtual reality in maintenance cardiac rehabilitation in a low-resource setting: impact on adherence, motivation and engagement. Physical Therapy;101:1-10. May.
Winnige, P., Katerina F., Jakub, H., Dosbaba, F., Bocek, O., Pepera, G., Papathanasiou, J., Batalik, L., & Grace, S.L. (2021). Validity and reliability of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale in the Czech Republic (CRBS-CZE): Determination of key barriers in East-Central Europe. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health;18:13113.
Foster, E.J., Munoz, S-A., Crabtree, D., Leslie, S.J., & Gorely, T. (2021). Barriers and facilitators to participating in cardiac rehabilitation and physical activity in a remote and rural population: A cross-sectional survey. Cardiology Journal; 28(5):697-706.
Borges, G.L.B., daCruz, M.M.A., Ricci-Vitor, A.L., DaSilva, P.F., Grace, S.L., & Vanderlei, L.C.M. (2022). Publicly versus privately funded cardiac rehabilitation: Access and adherence barriers. A cross-sectional study Sao Paulo Medical Journal;140(1):108-114.
Rangel-Cubillos, D.M., Vega-Silva, A.V., Corzo-Vargas, Y.F., Molano-Tordecilla, M.C., Penuela-Arevalo, Y.P., Lagos-Pena, K.M., Jacome Hortua, A.M., Villazimar-Jaimes, C.J., Grace, S.L., Dutra de Souza, H.C., Angarita-Fonseca, A., & Sanchez- Delgado, J.C (2022). Examining facilitators and barriers to cardiac rehabilitation adherence in a low-resource setting in Latin America from multiple perspectives. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health;19;1911.
Liu, X., Fule, W., & Yaqing, Z. (2022). Path analysis of influencing factors of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program participation of patients with coronary heart disease in Shanghai. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science);42(8):1110-1115.
Alexandre, A., Schmidt, C., Campinas, A., Gomes, C., Magalhaes, S., Preza-Fernandes, J., Torres, S., & Santos, M. (2022). Clinical Determinants and Barriers to Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollment of Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Single-Center Study in Portugal. J. Cardiovasc Development and Disease; 9(10):344.
Xia, L., Fule, W., Yaqing, Z. (2022). Investigation and related factor analysis of barriers to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 42(10):1448-1457.
Liu, H., Xie, X., & Chen, Q. (2022). Barriers to hospital-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation among coronary heart disease patients in China: A mixed-methods study. BMC Nursing;21:333.
Santos, L.A., Pinheiro, D.G., et al. (2023). Analysis of barriers to public and private cardiac rehabilitation programs in patients with low and high adherence. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg;38(2):235-243.
deCarvalho, A.C.S.M., Groehs, R.V., Pereira, C., Soares, V.L., Mota, T.P., Grace, S.L., & deMatos, L.D.J. Supervised exercise barriers and readmission in patients with heart failure in a low-resource setting. Pre-print.
Antoniou, V., Pasias, K., Loukidis, N., Kalliopi, E-K., Panagiotakos, D.B., Grace, S.L. & Pepera, G. (2023). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of the Greek version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-GR): What are the barriers in South-East Europe? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health;20(5):4064.
Rathi, A., Jiandani, M.P. (2023). Patient perceived barriers to phase II cardiac rehabilitation in patients with and without percutaneous coronary intervention. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews;17(3):883-889.
Aljehani, R., Grace, S.L., Aburub, A., Turk-Adawi, K., & Ghisi, G.L.M. (2023). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of the Arabic version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-A), with strategies to mitigate barriers. Healthcare;11(8):1196.
Firoozabadi, M.G., Mirzaei, M., Grace, S.L., Nasab, M.V., Dehghani-Tafti, M., Sadeghi, A., Asadi, Z., Basirinezhad, M.H. (2023). Sex differences in cardiac rehabilitation barriers among non-enrollees in the context of lower gender equality: A cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders;23(1):329.
Ghisi, G.L.M., Kim, W-S., Cha, S., Aljehani, R., daCruz, M.M.A., Marques Vanderlei, L.C., Pepera, G., Liu, X., Xu, Z., Maskhulia, L., Venturini, E., Chuang, H-J., Pereira, D.G., Martinez, P.F.R., Kouidi, E., Batalik, L., Firoozabadi, M.G., Burazor, I., Jiandani, M.P., Zhang, L., Tourkmani, N., & Grace, S.L. (2023). Women’s cardiac rehabilitation barriers: Results of the International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation’s first global assessment. Canadian Journal of Cardiology;39(11):S375-S383.
Soares, M., Ponciano, I., Britto, R., Silva, L., Silva, E., Espinosa, O., Spíndola, R., Cobbuci, M., Gattas, L., & Sérvio, T. (2023). Identificação de facilitadores e barreiras para reabilitação cardíaca na cidade de Juiz de Fora - Minas Gerais. Seven; capitulo27. 10.56238/ciemedsaudetrans-027.
Chong, M.S., Sit, J.W.H., Choi, K.C., Suhaimi, A., & Chair, S.Y. (2024). Barriers to cardiac rehabilitation and patient perceptions on the usage of technologies in cardiac rehabilitation: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs; doi: 10.1111/jocn.16919
Kotcharoen, R., Tower, M., Boyde, M., & Eley, R. (2024). Factors contributing to cardiac rehabilitation uptake among patients with coronary artery disease in Thailand: A nationwide cross-sectional study. ASEAN J of Rehabil Med;34(1):30-40.
*psychometric validation paper in preparation.
Zhang, S., Yu, M., Zhang, Y., Liang, C., Hu, D., Wang, D.W., & Meng, X. (2024). The translation, culture-adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale among Chinese older population. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare;17:723-734.
Grace, S.L., Ghanbari, M., daCruz, M.A., Vanderlei, L.C.M., & Ghisi, G.L.M. (2024). Psychometric validation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale Revised (CRBS-R) for hybrid delivery. BMJ Open;14:e090261.
Silva, J.M., Ghisi, G.L.M., daSilva, P.F., daCruz, M.M.A., Santos, L.A., & Vanderlei, L.C.M. (2024). Examining barriers to adherence and motives for engagement and motivation among cardiovascular rehabilitation participants. JCRP.
CRBS Presentations:
PowerPoint Presentation of the CRBS
Shanmugasegaram, S.*, Stewart, D.E., Anand, S., Chessex, C., Reid, R., Oh, P., & Grace, S.L. (2010). Development of the French version of the cardiac rehabilitation barriers scale. Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation 20th Annual Meeting and Symposium. Montreal, QC. October. JCRP, 30(5), 354. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350074998_Development_of_the_French_version_of_the_cardiac_rehabilitation_barriers_scale
Midence, L.*, Oh, P., & Grace, S.L. (2015). Women's cardiac rehabilitation barriers by program model: A randomized controlled trial. Canadian Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Annual Symposium. Toronto, ON. October. JCRP; 35(5):367-375.
Ghisi, G.L.M.*, Pencar, T., Lafontant, M.P., Motamedi, N., & Grace, S.L .(2014). Translation and pilot testing of the Spanish Version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS). Canadian Association of Health Services and Policy Research (CAHSPR) Annual Conference. Toronto, ON. May. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350074927_Translation_and_pilot_testing_of_the_Spanish_Version_of_the_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Barriers_Scale_CRBS
Shanmugasegaram, S.*, Tang, C.*, Tan, Y., Chow, C.-M., Oh, P., Tomlinson, G. A., Cho, N., & Grace, S. L. (2013). A comparison of cardiac rehabilitation barriers in North American and Chinese-Canadian outpatients. Toronto Rehabilitation Institute's 9th Annual Research Day. Toronto, ON. November.
Da Costa, C. H.V., da Silva, W.N., de Jesus, A. K. B., Gioacomassi, I. W. S., Batista, F.A., & Rocha, A.R.M. (2016). Crencas sobre barreiras para mobolzacao precoce em pacientes criticios - survey nacional. Congresso Brasilerio de Fisioterapia Cardiovascular / XVIII Simposio Internacional. Belo Horizonte, Brazil. June. ASSOBRAFIR Ciencia; Vol 7, Suppl 1. Pp.55-56. ISSN: 2177-9333. http://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/rebrafis/article/view/26167/18973
Vargas, Y.F.C., Cubillos, D.M.R., Silva, A.V.V., Hortua, A.M.J., Marin, R.dP.M., Jaiems, J.V., Grace, S.L., & Sanchez Delgado, J.C. (2020). Barreras que influyen en la participacion y adherencia a los programas de rehabilitacion cardiaca de la cuidad de Bucaramanga. Congreso Colombiano de Cardiologica y Cirugia Cardiovascular / Congreso SISAC. Medellin, Colombia. March. Revista Colombiana de Cardiologia; 27(3):21. [spanish].
CRBS Adaptations:
Marzolini, S., Balitsky, A., Jagroop, D., Corbett, D., Brooks, D., Grace, S.L., Lawrence, D., & Oh, P.I. (2016). Factors affecting attendance at an adapted cardiac rehabilitation exercise program for individuals with mobility deficits post-stroke. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases;25(1):87-94.
Desveaux, L., Goldstein, R., Mathur, S., & Brooks, D. (2016). Barriers to physical activity following rehabilitation: Perspectives of older adults with chronic disease. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity;24:223-233. http://journals.humankinetics.com/doi/10.1123/japa.2015-0018
Cascino, T.M., Ashur, C., Richardson, C.R., Jackson, E.A., & McLaughlin, V.V. (2020). Impact of patient characteristics and perceived barriers on referral to exercise rehabilitation among patients with pulmonary hypertension in the United States. Pulmonary Hypertension; 10(4):1-9.
